This course will examine how colonial and neo-colonial governments have interacted with Indigenous societies in Canada. Students will explore how states, both federal and provincial, have restricted social, economic and cultural activities. The impact of colonialism on lands and resources is highlighted and, particularly, the effects of colonialism on Indigenous cultural and economic autonomy and self-determination.

This course will introduce students to the study of an indigenous language and its cultural, historical and contemporary context. It will provide the learner with basic speaking skills and the framework of the languages' orthography. Please consult the School of Languages and Literatures to confirm which language will be taught.

This course will continue to introduce students to the study of an Indigenous language and its cultural, historical and contemporary context. It will continue to provide the learner with speaking skills and the framework of the language's orthography. Please consult the School of Languages and Literatures to confirm which language will be taught.

This capstone course provides students in the Indigenous Environmental Governance certificate program the opportunity to apply their learning from previous courses towards a culminating experiential learning experience. At the onset of the course, students will be introduced to more advanced research and research ethics issues, including an overview of some Indigenous research methods. Students will have the opportunity to apply these methodologies, as well as prior learning in the program, towards an independent culminating experience, such as an independent study or community-engaged learning research project related to environmental governance in Indigenous communities, nations, territories, and elsewhere.