History - Tri-University Program
The Departments of History of the University of Guelph, the University of Waterloo and Wilfrid Laurier University offer a joint program leading to the MA and PhD degrees. The PhD program is offered in the following fields:
- Canadian History
- Scottish History
- War and Society
- World History
- Medieval History
- Early Modern European History
- Modern European History
- Cold War Era History
- Indigenous Histories of Turtle Island
The Tri-University Graduate Program in History includes members from all three departments covering a wide range of research interests. It is a semi-autonomous program responsible directly to the three graduate schools. It looks after admissions, arranges courses of instruction, names students' advisory committees, and monitors student progress generally. Students in the Tri-University Graduate Program in History register either at Guelph, Waterloo or Wilfrid Laurier (depending on where their advisor is located) but undertake their course work jointly at all three universities. Students in the program are governed by the general regulations of the university in which they are registered and their degree is granted by that university.
The department at Guelph also participates in the Centre for Scottish Studies and the Historical Data Research Unit. Students are encouraged to begin their studies in the Fall or Winter semesters. Program offices should be consulted for submission deadlines.
Administrative Staff - Tri-University Program
Director
Peter Goddard (1014 MacKinnon, Ext. 54460)
pgoddard@uoguelph.ca
Tri-University Program Administrative Assistant
Mary Lou Klassen (Sweeney Hall 2013, St. Jerome's University at the University of Waterloo, Ext. 28250)
mlklassen@uwaterloo.ca
Graduate Program Coordinator
Tara Abraham (1010 MacKinnon Extension, Ext. 56012)
taabraha@uoguelph.ca
Graduate Program Assistant
Tyler Berlet (2007 MacKinnon Extension, Ext. 56528)
histacademic@uoguelph.ca
Graduate Officer - Laurier
Blaine Chiasson (4-138 DAWB - Laurier, Ext. 3595)
bchiasson@wlu.ca
Graduate Program Assistant - Laurier
Heather Vogel (4-135 DAWB - Laurier, Ext. 3389)
hvogel@wlu.ca
Graduate Officer - Waterloo
Susan Roy (HH133 - Waterloo, Ext. 32765)
susan.roy@uwaterloo.ca
Graduate Program Assistant - Waterloo
Susan King (HH135 - Waterloo, Ext. 32297)
s2king@uwaterloo.ca
Graduate Faculty
This list may include Regular Graduate Faculty, Associated Graduate Faculty and/or Graduate Faculty from other universities.
Tara H. Abraham
B.Sc. McMaster, MA, PhD Toronto - Associate Professor
Graduate Faculty
Kim Anderson
BA, MA Toronto, PhD Guelph - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Steven Bednarski
BA Glendon/York, MA Toronto, PhD Québec à Montréal - Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Ben Bradley
BA Simon Fraser, MA Victoria, PhD Queen's - Assistant Professor
Graduate Faculty
Gavin Brockett
PhD Chicago - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Tarah Brookfield
PhD York - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Gary Bruce
BA Queen's, MA New Brunswick, PhD McGill - Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Katherine Bruce-Lockhart
BA Toronto, MSc Oxford, PhD Cambridge - Assistant Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Catherine Carstairs
AB Harvard, Dip Ed McGill, MA, PhD Toronto - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Blaine Chiasson
PhD Toronto - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Cynthia Comacchio
PhD Guelph - Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
William S. Cormack
BA Calgary, MA Carleton, PhD Queen's - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Adam Crerar
PhD Toronto - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Darryl Dee
PhD Emory - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Marlene Epp
BA Manitoba, MA Waterloo, PhD Toronto - Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Elizabeth Ewan
BA Queen's, PhD Edinburgh - University Professor Emerita, Department of History, University of Guelph
Associated Graduate Faculty
Peter Farrugia
D.Phil. Oxon - Associate Professor, Society Culture and Enviromrnt and History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Judith Fletcher
PhD Bryn Mawr - Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
James Fraser
BA Toronto, MA Guelph, PhD Edinburgh - Associate Professor
Graduate Faculty
Leonard G. Friesen
PhD Toronto - Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Peter A. Goddard
BA British Columbia, D.Phil. Oxford - Associate Professor
Graduate Faculty
Daniel Gorman
BA St. Francis Xavier, MA Queen's, PhD McMaster - Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Jeff Grischow
PhD Queen's - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Erich Haberer
PhD Toronto - Professor Emeritus
Graduate Faculty Other University
Christina Han
PhD Toronto - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Kimie Hara
BA Kobe City, MA Hawaii, PhD Australian National - Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Matthew Hayday
BA Toronto, MA, PhD Ottawa - Professor and Chair
Graduate Faculty
Geoff W. Hayes
BA, MA Laurier, PhD Western Ontario - Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Susannah C. Humble Ferreira
BA Trent, B.Ed. Queen's, MA, PhD Johns Hopkins - Associate Professor
Graduate Faculty
Mark Humphries
PhD Western - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Andrew Hunt
BA, PhD Utah - Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Kris Inwood
BA Trent, MA, PhD Toronto - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Kevin J. James
BA, MA McGill, PhD Edinburgh - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Femi Kolapo
BA, MA Ahmadu Bello, PhD York - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Robert Kristofferson
PhD York - Professor, Social and Environmental Justice and History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Greta Kroeker
BA Bethel College, MA Missouri, PhD California-Berkley - Associate Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Sofie Lachapelle
B.Sc. Québec, PhD Notre Dame - Dean of Arts, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Lianne C. Leddy
PhD Wilfrid Laurier - Associate Professor, Indigenous Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Brittany Luby
BA Queen's, MA, PhD York - Associate Professor
Graduate Faculty
Linda L. Mahood
BA Saskatchewan, M.Litt., PhD Glasgow - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Kimberley Martin
BA Windsor, MA Guelph, MLIS, PhD Western - Assistant Professor
Graduate Faculty
Stuart G. McCook
BA Toronto, MS Rensselaer PI, MA, PhD Princeton - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Alan McDougall
BA, M.St., D.Phil. Oxford - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Ian Milligan
MA, PhD York - Associate Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Amy Milne-Smith
PhD Toronto - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
David Monod
PhD Toronto - Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Bruce Muirhead
BA Queen's, MA Toronto, PhD York - Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Darren Mulloy
PhD East Anglia - Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Susan Nance
BA, MA Simon Fraser, PhD UC Berkeley - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Susan Neylan
PhD British Columbia - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Jane Nicholas
BA Lakehead, MA Queen's, PhD Waterloo - Associate Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Chris Nighman
PhD Toronto - Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Troy Osborne
BA Goshen, MA Mennonite Biblical Seminary, PhD Minnesota - Associate Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Jesse S. Palsetia
BA, MA, PhD Toronto - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Douglas Peers
BA, MA Calgary, PhD King's College London - Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Eva Plach
PhD Toronto - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
David Porreca
MA Toronto, PhD London - Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Karen Racine
BA Saskatchewan, MA, PhD Tulane - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Julia Roberts
BA Wilfrid Laurier, MA Waterloo, PhD Toronto - Associate Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Susan Roy
MA Simon Fraser, PhD British Columbia - Associate Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Roger Sarty
PhD Toronto - Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
John Sbardellati
BA California at Riverside, MA, PhD California at Santa Barbara - Associate Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
David Smith
PhD Harvard - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Norman D. Smith
BA, MA, PhD British Columbia - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Alex Souchen
BA, MA Ottawa, PhD Western Ontario - Assistant Professor
Graduate Faculty
Cathryn Spence
BA King's College, MA Guelph, PhD Edinburgh - Assistant Professor
Graduate Faculty
Kevin Spooner
PhD Carleton - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Alex Statiev
B.Sc. Moscow, MA, PhD Calgary - Associate Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Christopher Taylor
BA, Toronto, MA, PhD Western - Assistant Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Ryan Touhey
BA, MA Ottawa, PhD Waterloo - Associate Professor, History, University of Waterloo
Graduate Faculty Other University
Barrington Walker
PhD Toronto - Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Dana Weiner
PhD Northwestern - Associate Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
Catharine A. Wilson
BA Guelph, MA, PhD Queen's - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Renée Worringer
BA St. Olaf College, MA, PhD Chicago - Professor
Graduate Faculty
Suzanne Zeller
PhD Toronto - Professor, History, Wilfrid Laurier University
Graduate Faculty Other University
MA Program
Admission Requirements
To be considered for admission, an applicant must have a recognized honours degree in history, or its equivalent. While the minimum admission average is 'B' (73%), in practice the threshold average for admittance to the program is normally a first-class average (at least an A- or 80%).
Program Requirements
The MA program provides for emphasis on the Atlantic world, the history of crime, culture and entertainment, family and youth, gender and sexuality, health and nutrition, imperialism, indigenous history, military history, politics and international relations, religious history, rural history, urban history, the history of science, medicine, and the environment, and tourism history.
Students enrol in one of two study options:
- thesis, or
- course work and major research paper, or course work.
All MA students must have a faculty advisory committee.
Thesis
Students must complete four courses (at least 2.0 credits) and submit a satisfactory thesis on an approved topic (25,000 words).
Course Work and Major Paper
Students must satisfactorily complete six courses (at least 3.0 credits) and submit a major paper on an approved topic (10,000 to 12,000 words).
Course Work
Students must complete eight courses (at least 4.0 credits) three of which must require a research paper.
It is recommended but not required that students take HIST*6000 Historiography. The remaining courses are subject to the approval of the Department of History. A reading knowledge of French is highly recommended and a student's advisory committee may require a second language for research purposes. MA students generally register for up to three courses per semester, or two if they hold a graduate teaching assistantship.
Graduate students are encouraged to consider including, as part of their program, appropriate graduate course offerings from other departments.
Scottish Studies Interdepartmental Group
The Department of History participates in the activities of the Centre for Scottish Studies. Those faculty members whose research and teaching expertise includes aspects of Scottish studies may serve as advisors and examiners of MA students specializing in Scottish studies areas and who are registered in the Department of History.
PhD Program
Admission Requirements
Applications are considered by the Tri-University coordinating committee. Only students who are graduates of accredited universities and colleges are eligible for admission. Direct admission following a BA degree is permissible for outstanding applicants, but normally students will be admitted after they have obtained an MA in which they have received at least an A- standing. Since not all applicants can be admitted, close attention is paid to samples of applicants' written work, to applicants' transcripts and past records as a whole, and to their statements of research interests. Applicants from outside Canada whose previous education cannot be assessed readily may be required to demonstrate their knowledge by other means, such as the Graduate Record Examination. Non-Canadian applicants whose first language is not French or English are required to submit evidence of proficiency in the English language or pass the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). A net score of 600 is required. Registration at one university for three degrees (BA, MA, PhD) is discouraged.
Program Requirements
The Tri-University Doctoral Program generally limits thesis preparation to nine fields of study:
- Canadian history;
- Scottish history;
- Early modern European history;
- Modern European history;
- Medieval history;
- Cold War Era history;
- War and society;
- World history, and
- Indigenous Histories of Turtle Island.
The Tri-University History doctoral program is committed to the pursuit of excellence in graduate research and teaching. Students enter the doctoral program for a variety of reasons, but all are motivated by a strong desire to pursue the most advanced education for history teaching and research. In the first year of the program, students normally complete their three PhD fields. As PhD field preparation provides a wide intellectual basis for scholarship and teaching, the fields are designed in such a way as to encourage reading complementary to a student's proposed area of doctoral research. Field seminar discussions are intended to develop skills in critical analysis and historical synthesis. Through the process of completing required research papers and a doctoral thesis, students acquire the capacity to conduct independent research and to produce written work of a sufficient standard to be acceptable for scholarly publication.
As students are required to demonstrate competence in one major field and two minor fields, in first year they register in a major field seminar and two minor field seminars. One minor field must be in an area of study distinct from the major field and one minor field may be in another discipline. The distinction between a major field and an area of concentration is the depth and required range of reading rather than geographical or chronological span.
The PhD fields, written major field examination, and oral qualifying examination must be completed by the end of the fourth semester. No extensions will be permitted, except in cases where approval has been given by the Tri-University Program co-ordinating committee. Continuation in the program requires at least a B+ average, based on all courses taken in the program to that point (with their proportionate weighting).
All students have an advisory committee that meets regularly. Following successful completion of the qualifying process, the student must complete, under the supervision of a Tri-University Doctoral Program in History faculty member, an original research project on an advanced topic. Students present a thesis proposal and colloquium which are appraised by their advisory committees. A thesis embodying the results of that research is presented and defended before an examining committee.
PhD students must complete:
- Professional Development Seminar (HIST*7000 Professional Development Seminar). All doctoral students attend the professional development seminar in their first year of the program. The seminar is designed to prepare students for success as a PhD student and for their future careers. A pass/fail grade will be assigned for the seminar.
- Language requirement. If no specific language is required for the student’s research (as authorized by the student’s advisory committee), the second language will be French. The determination of the second language will be made by the student’s advisory committee during the first semester of the student’s registration in the program. The language exam will be offered every Fall and Winter semester and it is expected that a student will successfully complete the test of reading comprehension no later than the 6th semester following admission into the program.
- PhD fields. Each student is required to demonstrate competency in one major and two minor areas. In the minor fields, competency is demonstrated by successful completion of two minor field seminars. In the major field, students must successfully complete a major field seminar and the qualifying written and oral examinations (HIST*7040 Major Field and HIST*7010 Qualifying Examination). See the Tri-University History doctoral handbook. Students enrolled in the PhD collaborative specialization in International Development may substitute the two core IDS PhD courses (IDEV*6800 Theories and Debates in Development and IDEV*6850 Development Research and Practice) for one of their minor field seminars.
- Colloquium (HIST*7080 Colloquium). The colloquium is a public presentation of a chapter, significant portion, or summary of the student’s thesis within three semesters of the completion of the thesis proposal. Grades will be SAT/UNS.
- Thesis proposal (HIST*7070 Thesis Proposal). The thesis proposal is a written (The expected length is approximately 3,000 words, excluding notes and the bibliography) and oral demonstration for dissertation research. The proposal will include a statement of the overall thesis of the dissertation, a description/discussion of the major research question(s), a review of the principal primary/archival sources being used, a chapter or topic outline, and a clear explanation of the originality of the thesis. Grades will be SAT/UNS.
- PhD thesis (HIST*7990 Doctoral Thesis). All students must complete, under the supervision of a Tri-University doctoral program faculty member, an original research project on an advanced topic. Each student will be required to write and successfully defend a thesis of such cogency and originality as will represent a significant contribution to knowledge. The thesis will normally be between 50,000 and 90,000 words in length. University of Guelph regulations and procedures govern this process (see Degree Regulations).
Collaborative Specializations
International Development Studies
The Department of History participates in the International Development Studies (IDS) collaborative specialization. Please consult the International Development Studies listing for a detailed description of the MA/PhD collaborative specialization including the special additional requirements for each of the participating departments.
One Health
The Department of History participates in the collaborative specialization in One Health. Master’s and Doctoral students wishing to undertake thesis research or their major research paper/project with an emphasis on One Health are eligible to apply to register concurrently in History and the collaborative specialization. Students should consult the One Health listing for more information.
Sexualities, Genders and Bodies
The History program participates in the collaborative specialization in Sexualities, Genders and Bodies. MA and Doctoral students wishing to undertake thesis research or their major research paper/project with an emphasis on sexualities, genders and bodies are eligible to apply to register concurrently in History and the collaborative specialization. Students should consult the Sexualities, Genders and Bodies listing for more information.
Courses
For the courses offered in a particular year, see the listing published by the Office of Registrarial Services.
The requirements for an MA student taking a 7000-level course are substantially different from those for a PhD student. Therefore a PhD student who has previously taken any of the 7000-level courses may, with the permission of the department, repeat any of those 7000-level for credit in the Tri-University Doctoral Program.
This course will introduce students to some of the essential components of the historical process. It will also assess history as a cognitive discipline in contemporary society. While the scope of the course may extend from ancient times to the present, emphasis on the historiography of particular periods may vary according to instructor expertise and student research needs.
Students selecting this course should speak to individual instructors to arrive at appropriate topics.
This course will consist of classroom teaching, practical instruction and hands-on work within the collections available at the University of Guelph's Archives. It will introduce students to basic skills in the digitization of sources and teach competence in conservation, record creation and archival research.
This course will introduce students to selected aspects of medieval and early modern Scottish history and historiography, including the use of source materials, and practical training involving manuscripts in the University Archives.
Continuation of HIST*6190 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
This course will introduce students to selected aspects of Scottish history and historiography considered from a Highlands perspective and a (sometimes significantly different) Lowlands perspective, including issues surrounding the selection and use of source materials, and provide practical training involving manuscripts in the University Archives.
Continuation of HIST*6200 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
A course that examines the current historiography of selected aspects of Canadian history. Topics will vary with the expertise of individual instructors.
Continuation of HIST*6230 in which students prepare an indepth research paper based on primary sources.
A course that examines the current historiography of selected aspects of Canadian history. Topics will vary with the expertise of individual instructors.
Continuation of HIST*6280 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
Depending on the expertise of the instructor, this course may concentrate on either the United States or Canada, or it may concentra on an historical theme or themes common to the larger continent.
Continuation of HIST*6290 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
This seminar course will focus on selected aspects of the political and social history of Europe between 1789 and 1989. Topics to be examined will vary according to the expertise of the faculty and the interest of the students.
Continuation of HIST*6300 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
This seminar course will focus on selected aspects of the political and social history of Europe between 1789 and 1989. Topics to be examined will vary according to the expertise of the faculty and the interest of the students.
Continuation of HIST*6310 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
This course will examine the history of gender and/or sexuality in different cultures, paying close attention to various theoretical approaches to understanding the history of gender and/or sexuality. The chronological and geographic focus of the course may vary according to the interests and expertise of the instructor.
Continuation of HIST*6360 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
History 6370 investigates the practices of cultural history and the utility of the cultural history paradigm in the investigation of topics including politics and power, religion, war, empire, gender, class, 'race', ethnicity, the environment, and consumption.
Continuation of HIST*6370 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
This seminar course examines current issues in early modern European history as selected by the instructor(s). Participants review current research and historiography, discuss the principal debates, and develop their own perspectives through encounters with primary source materials.
Continuation of HIST*6380 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
This is to be a major piece of research, based on the extensive use of primary sources. An oral examination of this work is required.
An overview of the use for historical research of quantitative evidence and methodologies.
This is a topical course, that explores the history of processes that take place on a worldwide scale. These may include social, cultural, economic, or environmental processes.
Continuation of HIST*6500 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
In-depth study of a particular event or process in Latin American history. Topics may include: religions, women, race and ethnicity, environmental issues, intellectual history, or have a regional or temporal focus.
Continuation of HIST*6520 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
The countryside was not the city in overalls; it had its own complex trajectory intersecting with the rest of society in interesting and surprising ways. This seminar course introduces students to the economic, social, and cultural themes of rural history. Readings come from a variety of disciplines and explore the environment, agriculture, other resource-based activities, gender, cultural traditions, material artifacts and consumption. These themes will be related to community, identity and the countryside's relationship to the larger society.
Continuation of HIST*6550 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
This course will examine the history of health, science, and medicine. Topics may include the histories of mental illness, epidemic diseases, disability, public health, or alternative medicine. It will address expert and popular constructions of health, illness and science.
Continuation of HIST*6570 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
This seminar course will examine how history is displayed in public and the formation of historical consciousness. Areas of public history to be discussed may include digital history, museum exhibits, television and film productions, historical re-enactments, commemorations, celebrations, public holidays, monuments and historic sites.
Continuation of HIST*6590 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
This seminar course will explore the history of modern tourism, examining the distinctions between travel and tourism in historical discourses and historiography, and engaging extensively with primary source material to examine the sector's evolution in trans-national perspective. Emphasis is placed on the development of key institutions, the influence of political environments, intercultural encounters, environmental impacts and global citizenship.
Continuation of HIST*6610 in which students prepare an in-depth research paper based on primary sources.
This course examines the development of Indigenous research methodologies in the academy in North America and invites students to engage in contemporary debates about how to best research and represent Indigenous issues. Students will consider the politics of knowledge mobilization, academic freedom, and intellectual theft.
All doctoral students attend the professional development seminar in their first year of the program. The seminar is designed to prepare students for success as a PhD student for their future careers.
This oral examination is designed to assess 1) the student's knowledge of the subject matter and ability to integrate the material read and 2) the student's ability and promise in research.
A written demonstration of the student's knowledge of written French (or other appropriate second language).
The examination written following completion of the major field seminar and before the oral qualifying examination.
A written (length 3,000 words, excluding notes and bibliography) and oral demonstration of proposed dissertation. The proposal will include statement of overall dissertation argument, description/discussion of major research question(s), review of principal primary/archival sources employed, chapter outline, and clear explanation of the dissertation's originality. Graded SAT/UNS.
The colloquium is a public presentation of original research, normally a chapter, significant portion, or summary of the student's thesis. Graded SAT/UNS.
Students are required to write and successfully defend a thesis of such cogency and originality as will represent a significant contribution to knowledge. The thesis will normally be between 50,000 and 90,000 words in length. University of Guelph regulations and procedures govern this process.