A course on some specific topic not covered by the regular graduate courses for which there are both available faculty and sufficient interest among students.

A review and discussion of philosophies of importance to research in geography. The students develop, write and present a research context paper based on their thesis or research project topic.

A review of research methods in geography. The development and presentation of a research proposal for the thesis or research project.

A review of geographic scholarship including conceptual, theoretical and methodological issues in resource assessment, biophysical resources and rural socio-economic resources.

The preparation and presentation of a report on the research project approved in GEOG*6091.

Analysis and evaluation of environmental management and governance using geographical approaches. Emphasis is on socio-economic theories, concepts and methods which offer a more comprehensive and integrative basis for understanding environmental decisions.

Investigation of biotic processes influencing the composition, structure and distribution of plant and animal communities and of approaches to biophysical systems analysis, focusing on environmental system interaction at the landscape scale.

A critical review of philosophies, concepts and analytical methods for analysis and management of systems involving the interaction of environmental processes and human spatial activity.

Students will gain hands-on experience processing multispectral, thermal, and radar images and LiDAR 3D point clouds using advanced analytical software to study environmental processes and systems. In particular, students will learn about image transformations and techniques used in image classification and change detection applications, including supervised and unsupervised machine learning based methods. Offered in conjunction with GEOG*3420. Extra work is required for graduate students. [Department(s):Department of Geography Environment and Geomatics]

Group identities at various scales in relation to concepts of territory and territoriality, and their changing impact on the world's political map.

This course focuses on the use of raster and vector-based geographic information systems to analyze spatial data. Topics include overlay, spatial interpolation, multi-criteria evaluation, least cost pathway determination, digital elevation models and surface analysis, and network analysis. This course requires familiarity with numerical methods and computer operations. Offered in conjunction with GEOG*3480. Extra work is required for graduate students.

This course will focus on approaches in measurements of the biophysical environment. Depending on the expertise of course instructor measurement techniques may involve soil, water, atmospheric or ecological systems. The course will emphasize field techniques, elements of sample design and preliminary data analysis. Students will be required to perform preliminary data collection, analysis and communication of results as part of the course requirements. [Department(s):Department of Geography Environment and Geomatics]

This course aims to provide students with an understanding of the processes and techniques involved in environmental modeling practice and will focus on the power and limitations of existing models.

An examination of global environmental hydrology including precipitation, evaporation, subsurface water and runoff. Physical processes, measurement, analytical techniques and modelling strategies will be considered in the context of global change.